It’s decentralized digital money that is based on blockchain technology and secured by cryptography. To understand cryptocurrency, one needs to first understand three terminologies – blockchain, decentralization, and cryptography.
So blockchain in the context of cryptocurrency is a digital ledger whose access is distributed among authorized users. This ledger records transactions related to a range of assets.
The access is shared between its users and any information shared is transparent, immediate, and “immutable” which means anything that blockchain records cannot be modified or tampered with – even by an administrator.
Decentralization in cryptocurrency means there is no similar authority that can be held responsible for supervising the rise and fall of a particular cryptocurrency.
Cryptography is the method that secures data from unauthorized access by the use of encryption techniques.
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There are currently more than 10,000 cryptocurrencies across 384 exchanges. Bitcoin, standalone, commands a market cap of more than $700 billion. However, most of these coins are new, worthless, or experimental. The most active ones are multi-cap coins like Ethereum, Ripple (XRP), Dogecoin, Polygon, etc.
You can buy or sell them on a cryptocurrency exchange. These are platforms that broker the trading of cryptocurrencies for other assets, including digital and fiat currencies. They are independent and operate just like stock exchanges do globally.
How to mine cryptocurrencies
Cryptocurrency mining is the way that proof-of-work cryptocurrencies validate transactions and mint new coins. It was the first method used that enabled cryptocurrencies to be decentralized.
Mining cryptocurrencies requires computers with special software specifically designed to solve complicated, cryptographic mathematical equations. Some types of cryptocurrency mining-
- ASIC mining: Mining using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). This type of device is made to mine a specific cryptocurrency. It’s expensive, but it also typically provides the highest hash rate, meaning it offers more mining power.
- GPU mining: Mining using one or more advanced graphics processing units (GPUs), commonly known as graphics cards. These also provide considerable mining power but at a somewhat high up-front cost.
- CPU mining: Mining using a computer’s central processing unit (CPU). Although this is the most accessible way to mine crypto, CPUs don’t have nearly as much mining power as ASICs and GPUs. For that reason, profits from CPU mining are minimal.
- Mining pools: Groups of miners who work together to mine crypto and share block rewards. Miners pay a small percentage of those block rewards as a pool fee.
- Solo mining: Mining on your own. It’s much harder to earn block rewards this way, so mining pools are often the better choice.
- Cloud mining: Paying a company to mine crypto on your behalf with its own mining devices. Cloud mining requires a contract, and the terms almost always favor the company and not the miner.
The right type of mining depends on the type of cryptocurrency and how much you can afford to invest.
Today, mining cryptocurrencies requires a specialized GPU or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) miner. In addition, the GPUs in the mining rig must be connected to a reliable internet connection at all times. Each crypto miner is also required to be a member of an online crypto mining pool as well.
For aspiring crypto miners, curiosity and a strong desire to learn are simply a must. The crypto mining space is constantly changing as new technologies emerge.
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